1. The madman of Ts'oo, Tsёe?-yu, passed by Confucius, singing and saying, "Oh FUNG! Oh FUNG! How is your virtue degenerated!

3. HOW CONFUCIUS LEFT TS'E, WHEN THE DUKE COULD NOT APPRECIATE AND EMPLOY HIM. It was in the year B.C.516, that Confucius went to Ts'e. The remarks about how he should be treated, &c., are to be understood as having taken place in consultation between the duke and his ministers, and being afterwards reported to the sage. The Ma?ng family (see II. 5) was in the time of Conf., much weaker than the Ke. The chief of it was only the 下卿, lowest noble of Loo, while the Ke was the highest. Yet for the duke of Ts'e to treat Conf. better than the duke of Loo treated the chief of the Ma?ng family, was not dishonouring the sage. We must suppose that Conf. left Ts'e, because of the duke's concluding remarks.

4. HOW CONFUCIUS GAVE UP OFFICIAL SERVICE IN LOO. In the 14th year of the duke Ting, Conf. reached the highest point of his official service. He was minister of crime, and also, acc. to the general opinion, acting premier. He effected in a few months a wonderful renovation of the State, and the neighbouring countries began to fear that under his administration, Loo would overtop and subdue them all. To prevent this, the duke of Ts'e sent a present to Loo of fine horses and of 80 highly accomplished beauties. The duke of Loo was induced to receive these by the advice of the head of the Ke family, Ke Sze (斯), or Ke Hwan. The sage was forgotten; government was neglected. Confucius, indignant and sorrowful, withdrew from office, and for a time, from the country too. 归 as in XVII. 1, 1. 齐人, 'the people of Ts'e' is to be understood of the duke and his ministers.

As to the past, reproof is useless; but the future may still be provided against. Give up your vain pursuit. Give up your vain pursuit. Peril awaits those who now engage in affairs of government."

2. Confucius alighted and wished to converse with him, but Tsёe?-yu hastened away, so that he could not talk with him.