1. Kung-shan Fuh-jaou, when he was holding Pe, and in an attitude of rebellion, invited the Master to visit him, who was rather inclined to go.

2. Tsze-loo was displeased, and said, "Indeed you cannot go! Why must you think of going to see Kungshan?"

4. HOWEVER SMALL THE SPHERE OF GOVERNMENT, THE HIGHEST INFLUENCES OF PROPRIETIES AND MUSIC SHOULD BE EMPLOYED. 1. Woo-shing was in the district of Pe. Tsze-yew appears as the commandant of it, in VI. 12. 弦, 'the silken string of a musical instrument', used here for stringed instruments generally. In the备旨we read, 'The town was named Woo(武), from its position, precipitons and favourable to military operation, but Tsze-yew had been able, by his course, to transform the people, and make them change their mail and helmets for stringed instruments and singing. This was what made the Master glad.' 2. 莞(read han, up. 2d tone) 尔, 'smilingly'. 'An ox-knife', a large instrument, and not necessary for the death of a fowl. Conf. intends by it the high principles of government employed by Tsze-yew. 3. 君子 and 小人are here indicative of rank, and not of character. 易事 'are easily employed', i.e., 安分从上, 'they rest in their lot, and obey their superiors'. 4. 二三子, as in VII. 23, et al. Obs, the force of the final 耳,= 'only'.

5. THE LENGTHS TO WHICH CONFUCIUS WAS INCLINED TO GO, TO GET HIS PRINCIPLES CARRIED INTO PRACTICE. Kung-shan Fuh-jaou, called also Kung-shan Fuh-new(狃), by designation子洩, was a confederate of Yang Ho (ch. I), and acc. to K'ung Gan-kwo?, and the 日讲, it was after the imprisonment by them, in common, of Ke Hwan, that Fuh-jaou sent this invitation to Conf. Others make the invitation subsequent to Ho's discomfiture and flight to Ts'e. See the 历代统纪表, B.C.500. We must conclude, with Tsze-loo, that Conf. ought not to have thought of accepting the invitation of such a man. 2. The first and last之are the verb. 末=无. 末之也已,= 'There is no going there. Indeed there is not.' 何必公山氏之之也, 'why must there be going to (之here=to) that (such is the force of 氏) Kung-shan?' 3. 夫召我者,—者 is to be taken here as referring expressly to Fuh-jaou, while its reference below is more general. The 我 in 用我, and吾are emphatic. The original seat of the Chow dynasty lay west from Loo, and the revival of the principles and government of Wa?n and Woo in Loo, or even in Pe, which was but a part of it, might make an eastern Chow; so that Confucius would perform the part of king Wa?n.—After all, the sage did not go to Pe.

3. The Master said, "Can it be without some reason that he has invited ME? If any one employ me, may I not make an eastern Chow?"