Tsze-chang asked what were the characteristics of the GOOD man. The Master said, "He does not tread in the footsteps of others, but, moreover, he does not enter the chamber of the sage."

17. CHARACTERS OF THE FOUR DISCIPLES—CH'AE, SIN, SZE, AND YEW. It is supposed a 子曰is missing from the beginning of this ch. Admitting this, the sentences are to be translated in the present tense, and not in the past which would be required, if the chap. were simply the record of the compilers. 1. Ch'ae, by surname 高, and styled 子羔 (of 羔 there are several abases), has his tablet now the 5th west, in the outer court of the temples. He was small and ugly, but distinguished for his sincerity, filial piety, and justice. Such was the conviction of his impartial justice, that in a time of peril he was saved by a man, whom he had formerly punished with cutting off his feet. 3. 辟, read p'eih, is defined in the dict.,—'practising airs with little sincerity'.—Confucius certainly does not here flatter his followers.

18. HWUY AND TSZE CONTRASTED. In Ho An's compilation, this ch. is joined with the preceding as one. 1. 庶, here=近, 'nearly', 'near to'. It is often found with 乎 following, both terms together being=our 'nearly'. To make out a meaning, the old comm. supply 圣道, 'the way or doctrines of the sages', and the modern supply 道, 'the truth and right'. 空, up. 3d tone, 'emptied', i.e., brought to extremity, poor, distressed. Hwuy's being brought often to this state is mentioned merely as an additional circumstance about him, intended to show that he was happy in his deep poverty. Ho An preserves the comment of some one, which is worth giving here, and acc. to which, 空=虚中, 'empty-hearted', free from all vanities and ambitions. Then 屡=每, 'always'. In this sense 屡空was the formative element of Hwuy's character. 2. 受, 'to receive', here= 'to acquiesce in'. 亿=度, 'to form a judgment'.

19. THE GOOD MAN. Comp. VII. 25. By 善人Choo He understands—质美而未学者, 'one of fine natural capacity, but who has not learned'. Such a man will in many things be a law to himself, and needs not to follow in the wake of others, but after all his progress will be limited. The text is rather enigmatical.入室, comp. ch. 14, 2.