1. Tsze-chang asked, "What must the officer be, who may be said to be distinguished?"

2. The Master said, "What is it you call being distinguished?"

3. Tsze-chang replied, "It is to be heard of through the state, to be heard of through the family."

4. The Master said, "That is notoriety, not distinction.

5. "Now, the man of distinction is solid and straightforward, and loves righteousness. He examines people's words, and looks at their countenances. He is anxious to humble himself to others. Such a man will be distinguished in the country; he will be distinguished in the family.

6. "As to the man of notoriety, he assumes the appearance of

20. THE MAN OF TRUE DISTINCTION, AND THE MAN OF NOTORIETY. 1. 士 'a scholar', 'an officer'. The two ideas blend together in China. 达=通达, 'to reach all round'. It includes here the ideas of being influential, and that influence being acknowledged. 3. If士be understood of 'an officer', then 在邦 assumes him to be the minister of a prince of a state, and 在家, that he is only the minister of a great officer, who is the head of a family. If, however, 士 be understood of 'a scholar', 邦 will=州里, 'the country', 'people generally', and 家 will=族党, 'the circle of relatives and neighbours'. 5. 也者, see I. 2.下人,—下 is the verb. The dict. explains it—降也, 自上而下也, 'to descend. From being on high to become low.' But it is here rather more still. 下人, 'to come down below other men'.

virtue, but his actions are opposed to it, and he rests in this character without any doubts about himself. Such a man will be heard of in the country; he will be heard of in the family."