Tsze-kung said, "Chow's wickedness was not so great as that name implies. Therefore, the superior man hates to

18. THE FILIAL PIETY OF MANG CHWANG:—BY TSANG SIN. Chwang was the honorary epithet of Suh (速), the head of the Ma?ng family, not long anterior to Confucius. His father, acc. to Choo He, had been a man of great merit, nor was he inferior to him, but his virtue especially appeared in what the text mentions.—Ho An gives the comment of Ma Yung, that though there were bad men among his father's ministers, and defects in his government, yet Chwang made no change in the one or the other, during the three years of mourning, and that it was this which constituted his excellence.

19. HOW A CRIMINAL JUDGE SHOULD CHERISH COMPASSION IN HIS ADMINISTRATION OF JUSTICE:—BY TSANG SIN. Seven disciples of Tsa?ng Sin are more particularly mentioned, one of them being this Ya ng Foo. 散 is to be understood of the moral state of the people, and not, physically, of their being scattered from their dwellings. 情 has occurred before in the sense of—'the truth', which it has here.

20. THE DANGER OF A BAD NAME:—BY TSZE-KUNG. 如是之甚, 'so very bad as this';—the this(是) is understood by Hing Ping as referring to the epithet—纣, which cannot be called honorary in this instance. According to the laws for such terms, it means—残忍损义, 'cruel and unmerciful, injurious to righteousness'. If the 是 does not in this way refer to the name, the remark would seem to have occurred in a conversation about the wickedness of Chow. 下流 is a low-lying situation, to which the streams flow and waters drain, representing here a bad reputation, which gets the credit of every vice.

dwell in a low-lying situation, where all the evil of the world will flow in upon him."